Tsarin shaye-shaye galibi ya ƙunshi bututun shaye-shaye, muffler, mai juyawa da sauran abubuwan taimako.Gabaɗaya, bututun da ke samar da manyan motocin kasuwanci galibi ana yin su ne da bututun ƙarfe, amma yana da sauƙi don yin oxidize da tsatsa a ƙarƙashin maimaita yanayin zafi da zafi.Bututun shaye-shaye yana cikin sassan bayyanar, don haka yawancin su ana fesa su da fenti mai zafi mai jure zafi ko lantarki.Duk da haka, yana kuma ƙara nauyi.Saboda haka, yawancin samfura yanzu an yi su da bakin karfe, ko ma bututun shaye-shaye na titanium don wasanni.

Da yawa

Injin silinda mai nau'in bugun jini guda hudu galibi yana ɗaukar bututun da ake shaye-shaye, wanda ke tattara bututun shaye-shaye na kowane Silinda sannan kuma ya fitar da iskar gas ta bututun wutsiya.Ɗauki motar silinda guda huɗu a matsayin misali.Nau'in 4 cikin 1 galibi ana amfani dashi.Amfaninsa ba wai kawai yana iya watsa hayaniya ba ne, har ma yana iya amfani da iskar shaye-shaye na kowane Silinda don inganta haɓakar shaye-shaye don ƙara ƙarfin dawakai.Amma wannan tasirin zai iya taka muhimmiyar rawa kawai a cikin wani kewayon saurin gudu.Don haka, ya zama dole a saita wurin jujjuyawar inda manifold ɗin zai iya yin amfani da ƙarfin dawakai na injin don manufar hawan.A farkon kwanakin, ƙirar ƙira na babura da yawa sun yi amfani da tsarin shaye-shaye masu zaman kansu don kowane Silinda.Ta wannan hanyar, ana iya kauce wa tsangwama na kowane Silinda, kuma ana iya amfani da rashin aiki da bugun jini don inganta aikin.Lalacewar ita ce ƙimar juzu'i tana faɗuwa fiye da maɓalli a waje da kewayon saurin da aka saita.

Tsangwama mai ƙarewa

Ayyukan gaba ɗaya na manifold ya fi na bututu mai zaman kansa, amma ƙirar ya kamata ya sami babban abun ciki na fasaha.Don rage tsangwama na kowane Silinda.Yawancin lokaci, ana tattara bututu biyu na silinda mai ƙonewa gaba ɗaya, sa'an nan kuma ana haɗa bututun da ke gaba da wutar lantarki.Wannan shine 4 cikin 2 a cikin sigar 1.Wannan ita ce hanyar ƙira ta asali don guje wa tsangwama.A ka'ida, 4 a cikin 2 a cikin 1 ya fi 4 a cikin 1 inganci, kuma kamannin ma ya bambanta.Amma a zahiri, akwai ɗan bambanci tsakanin ingancin shaye-shaye na biyun.Saboda akwai farantin jagora a cikin bututun shaye-shaye na 4 a cikin 1, akwai ɗan bambanci a tasirin amfani.

Rashin rashin aiki

Gas yana da ƙayyadaddun rashin aiki a cikin tsarin tafiyar da ruwa, kuma ƙarancin ƙarancin ya fi girma fiye da inertia ci.Sabili da haka, ana iya amfani da makamashi na rashin aiki na shaye-shaye don inganta haɓakar haɓaka.Ƙarfafa rashin aiki yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin manyan injuna.An yi imani da cewa piston yana fitar da iskar gas a lokacin shaye-shaye.Lokacin da fistan ya isa TDC, fistan ba zai iya fitar da iskar gas da ya rage a ɗakin konewa ba.Wannan magana ba ta cika daidai ba.Da zarar an buɗe bawul ɗin shaye-shaye, ana fitar da iskar gas mai yawa daga cikin bututun mai da sauri.A wannan lokacin, ba a fitar da jihar ta piston ba, amma ta fitar da kanta a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba.Bayan da iskar gas ya shiga cikin bututun mai da sauri, zai fadada kuma ya rushe nan da nan.A wannan lokacin, ya yi latti don cika sarari tsakanin sharar baya da shayarwar gaba.Sabili da haka, za a sami matsa lamba mara kyau a bayan bawul ɗin shayewa.Matsi mara kyau zai cire sauran iskar gas gaba daya.Idan an buɗe bawul ɗin shayarwa a wannan lokacin, ana iya jawo sabon cakuda a cikin silinda, wanda ba wai yana inganta haɓakar shaye-shaye ba kawai amma yana inganta haɓakar ci.Lokacin da aka buɗe bawuloli masu sha da shaye-shaye a lokaci guda, kusurwar motsi na crankshaft ana kiranta kusurwar zoba.Dalilin da yasa aka ƙera kusurwar haɗin bawul shine don amfani da inertia da aka haifar yayin shaye-shaye don haɓaka adadin ciko sabo a cikin silinda.Wannan yana ƙara ƙarfin dawakai da fitarwar juzu'i.Ko bugun jini huɗu ne ko bugun jini biyu, shaye-shaye inertia da bugun jini za a haifar yayin shaye-shaye.Sai dai tsarin shigar da iska da na'urar shaye-shaye na motocin guda biyu na zubar da ruwa ya sha bamban da na motoci guda hudu.Dole ne a daidaita shi tare da ɗakin faɗaɗa na bututun shaye-shaye don yin iyakar girmansa.

Ciwon bugun jini

Bugawar shaye-shaye wani nau'in tashin hankali ne.Matsi na shaye-shaye yana gudana a cikin bututun shaye-shaye don samar da motsin matsa lamba, kuma ana iya amfani da kuzarinsa don inganta shaye-shaye da ingantaccen aiki.Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na barotropic yana daidai da na matsa lamba mara kyau, amma shugabanci ya bambanta.

Lamarin yin famfo

Gas mai shaye-shaye da ke shiga manifold zai sami tasirin tsotsa a kan sauran bututun da ba su ƙarewa ba saboda rashin kuzari.Ana fitar da iskar gas daga bututun da ke kusa.Ana iya amfani da wannan al'amari don inganta haɓakar shaye-shaye.Shaye-shaye na silinda ɗaya ya ƙare, sannan shayar da ɗayan silinda ta fara.Ɗauki wutar kishiyar Silinda azaman ma'auni na rukuni kuma haɗa bututun shaye.Haɗa wani saitin bututun shaye-shaye.Samar da tsari 4 cikin 2 cikin 1.Yi amfani da tsotsa don taimakawa shayewa.

Shiru

Idan babban zafin jiki da iskar iskar gas mai ƙarfi daga injin ta fito kai tsaye zuwa cikin sararin samaniya, iskar za ta faɗaɗa cikin sauri kuma ta haifar da hayaniya mai yawa.Don haka, yakamata a sami na'urorin sanyaya da shiru.Akwai ramukan shiru da yawa da ɗakunan sauti a cikin mai shiru.Akwai auduga mai ɗaukar sauti na fiberglass akan bangon ciki don ɗaukar rawar jiki da hayaniya.Mafi na kowa shi ne fadada muffler, wanda dole ne ya kasance yana da tsayi da gajeren ɗakuna a ciki.Domin kawar da sauti mai girma yana buƙatar ɗan gajeren ɗakin fadada silinda.Ana amfani da ɗakin fadada bututu mai tsayi don kawar da ƙananan sautin mita.Idan kawai aka yi amfani da ɗakin faɗaɗa tare da tsayi iri ɗaya, za a iya kawar da mitar sauti ɗaya kawai.Ko da yake an rage decibel, ba zai iya samar da muryar da za ta yarda da kunnen ɗan adam ba.Bayan haka, ƙirar muffler ya kamata ya yi la'akari da ko za a iya karɓar hayaniya na injin da masu amfani.

Mai canzawa

A da, ba a sanye da na'urori masu sarrafa motsi ba, amma yanzu adadin motoci da babura ya karu sosai, kuma gurbacewar iska da iskar gas ke haifarwa tana da matukar muni.Domin inganta gurɓataccen iskar gas, ana samun masu canza yanayin.Farkon masu canza yanayin catalytic na binary kawai sun canza carbon monoxide da hydrocarbons a cikin iskar gas zuwa carbon dioxide da ruwa.Duk da haka, akwai abubuwa masu cutarwa irin su nitrogen oxide a cikin iskar gas, wanda kawai za'a iya canza shi zuwa nitrogen mara guba da oxygen bayan raguwar sinadarai.Sabili da haka, rhodium, mai haɓaka mai ragewa, an ƙara shi zuwa mai haɓakawa na binary.Yanzu shi ne ternary catalytic Converter.Ba za mu iya makauniyar neman aiki ba, ko da kuwa yanayin muhalli.